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History Evolution |
 Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China, and political, cultural, domestic and international exchange center, one of the largest well-known historical and cultural Cities and ancient capitals. As early as 700,000 years ago, there appeared primitive community "Peking Man" in Zhoukoudian of Beijing. The earliest recorded name of Beijing is "Ji".
In 1045 B.C, Beijing became the capital of the Lord Kingdom of Ji, Yan. From 221 B.C. that Emperor Qin unified the whole country till 937A.D., Beijing was China's northern town of military importance and capitals of local regimes all the time. In 1938, the Liao Dynasty which unified the northern China took Beijing (called Yanjing at that time) as its alternate capital, thereafter, the Dynasties of Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing all had taken Beijing as their capital for over 650 years. With the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Beijing became the capital of the new China. | |
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Geographical Environment |
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Beijing located at 39o56' North Latitude, and 116o20' East Longitude, with Shanxi and Inner Mongolia Altiplano to its northwest, North China Plain to its south, and Bohai Sea to its east. Its city center is 43.71 meters above sea level and it has 16,808 square kilometers total area and 1040 square kilometers urban area. Beijing is surrounded by mountains on the west, north and east. Its main rivers are Yongding River, Chaobai River, and Beiyun River, etc.
Climate
Beijing belongs to temperate half moist climate that has four distinct seasons. Spring and autumn is quite short, while winter and summer is very long. The annual average temperature is 13oC. January is the coldest month with an average temperature of -3.7oC, and July is the hottest one with an average temperature of 25.2oC. The annual average rainfall is 507.7 mm, and the days without frost are 189. |
| Household Register and Population |
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Beijing has a population of about 13.82 million including 4 million floating population. Most of them live inside the fifth ring road of Beijing. |
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